Why is strength training important during running training?
During running, the whole lower limb (lumbar spine, hips/pelvis, knee, and ankle) needs to work together as a coordinated unit. It is only during the ground contact phase of running that we get the chance to exert force on our environment to keep ourselves moving. Thus, having good muscle control and force producing ability helps to increase the economy of our running during this contact point, and allows us to move faster at lower levels of oxygen absorption.
How does strength training improve running performance?
Strength training has been proposed to assist running economy and performance through a number of factors:
Muscle-tendon factors:
Improved tendon stiffness for force output
Improved endurance of muscle fibres
Nerve-muscle factors:
Stronger and faster connection of nerve signals to the muscles
Increased recruitment of greater muscle tissue/fibres
More frequent nerve impulses with less fatigue
Physical Fitness Factors
Reduced amount of effort required for the same muscle output
What exercises should I be doing:
DEADLIFTS
LUNGES
CALF RAISES
How often and how many should I be performing?
Something to consider when planning the amount of days per week you should perform strengthening exercises is the Interference Effect. The Interference Effect describes how performing aerobic training (ie. running) alongside resistance training (ie. strengthening) can interfere with each other and limit the progress of each training effect when performed too close to one another. Therefore, it is important to try and spread out your different training sessions as feasibly as possible. Depending on the individual and their schedule, this may look like running training in the morning and weight training in the evening, or better still separating your running and strength sessions by a night of sleep.
As a general rule, when programming exercises for strengthening we want to be performing 2-4 sets of 6-10 repetitions for each exercise 2-3 times per week.
Strength training for runners is often dismissed during preparation for an upcoming running event. However, there is good evidence to suggest that incorporating strength training alongside your running training will improve running economy and performance. If you’d like to find out more about how to incorporate strength and running training together be sure to book in with one of the Peak coaches who can help tailor a program that suits you, whether that be in our prevention classes, at home, or your individual gym.
References
Prieto-González, P., & Sedlacek, J. (2022). Effects of Running-Specific Strength Training, Endurance Training, and Concurrent Training on Recreational Endurance Athletes’ Performance and Selected Anthropometric Parameters. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(17), 10773. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710773
Beattie, K., Kenny, I.C., Lyons, M. and Carson, B.P. (2014). The Effect of Strength Training on Performance in Endurance Athletes. Sports Medicine, 44(6), pp.845–865. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0157-y.
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